Great Martyr 14th century

New Martyr John the New of Suceava

died c. 1330

Also known as John the New of Sochi · John of Trebizond

A devout Orthodox merchant of Trebizond who, betrayed by a envious shipmaster and falsely accused, withstood every torment at Belgrade on the Dnieper rather than deny Christ; his relics now rest at Suceava.

Feast Day
June 2
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Commemorated as

The Holy Great Martyr John the New of Suceava

Life

John the New of Suceava was a merchant of Trebizond in Asia Minor who, by tradition, suffered martyrdom in the fourteenth century at Cetatea Alba (Belgorod, also called Akkerman, now Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyy in Ukraine) for refusing to deny Christ. He is numbered among the Great Martyrs and the New Martyrs, and is one of the most venerated saints of Moldavia, where his relics rest at Suceava. He is commemorated on June 2, with the translation of his relics kept on June 24.

The synaxarion relates that John was devout and firm in his Orthodoxy and followed his father's trade as a merchant. On a voyage across the Black Sea he fell into repeated discussions of the faith with a ship's master, described in some accounts as a Venetian named Reiz, who was not Orthodox. Bested in argument and bearing a grudge, the man denounced John to the ruler of the city, falsely reporting that the merchant wished to abandon Christianity. The accounts differ on the exact year of his death, giving dates as early as about 1330 and as late as the fifteenth century; the earlier date is generally preferred, with John about thirty years old.

Timeline 4 moments Read Hide
  1. c. 1330 Martyrdom at Cetatea Alba John, a merchant of Trebizond, is tortured and beheaded at Belgorod (Akkerman) for refusing to deny Christ.
  2. June 24, 1402 Translation of the relics to Suceava The relics are brought to the Moldavian capital at the urging of Metropolitan Joseph Musat under Prince Alexander the Good.
  3. 1685 Relics removed to Stryy The relics are taken from Suceava to Stryy in present-day Ukraine.
  4. 1783 Relics returned to Suceava The Austrian emperor Joseph II arranges the return of the relics to Suceava, where they remain.

Contributions & Legacy

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Martyrdom

On arriving at Cetatea Alba, then under the rule of a non-Christian governor, John was summoned and pressed to renounce Christ; he refused. The synaxarion relates that he was beaten fiercely with rods until his body was lacerated, and after a second beating left his flesh torn open. When he still would not deny the faith, he was bound by the legs to the tail of a wild horse and dragged through the streets of the city. By tradition some of the inhabitants scoffed at the martyr and threw stones at him as he was dragged. Finally a man overtook him and cut off his head with a sword.

According to the account, signs were seen over the saint's body after his death: at night a luminous pillar and a multitude of burning lamps appeared, and light-bearing figures were seen singing psalms. The tradition also relates that a priest who intended to remove the relics secretly was prevented by a warning received in a dream.

Relics and Veneration

The relics of John the New remained at Cetatea Alba for a time and became renowned for miracles. By tradition, Prince Alexander the Good of Moldavia, at the urging of Metropolitan Joseph (Iosif) Musat, arranged for them to be translated to his capital at Suceava, where they were received on June 24, 1402; this translation is commemorated as a separate feast.

The later history of the relics records that in 1685 they were taken from Suceava to Stryy, in present-day Ukraine, and that in 1783 the Austrian emperor Joseph II arranged their return to Suceava, where they have since remained. John the New is honored as a patron of Moldavia and of Suceava.

Notes

OCA titles him 'of Sochi'; widely known as John the New of Suceava.

Sources: OCA Synaxarion (oca.org), Lives of the Saints